SJS Enterprises Ltd. కంపెనీ అకౌంటింగ్ విధానాలు

Mar 31, 2026

1) CORPORATE INFORMATION

S.J.S. Enterprises Limited ("the Company") is incorporated and domiciled in India. The Company was formed as a partnership firm in 1987 and was converted to private limited company in 2005. The Company got converted into public limited company with effect from 04 June 2021. The shares of the Company were listed on the National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) and the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited (BSE) on 15 November 2021. The Company is engaged in the business of manufacturing of decorative aesthetic products primarily for automotive and consumer appliance industry such as automotive dials, overlays, badges and logos.

The registered office of the Company is at Sy.Nos - 28/ P16 Agra Village & 85/ P6 BM Kaval Village, Kengeri Hobli, Bangalore South 560082, Karnataka, India.

These standalone financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2026 were approved for issue by the Board of Directors of the Company in their meeting held on 5 May 2026.

The financial statements once approved by the Board of directors needs to be adopted by the shareholders at the annual general meeting of the company. The Board of directors can withdraw and re-issue the financial statements so adopted only in specific cases such as non-compliance with the applicable accounting standards, with the approval of Tribunal, after following the appropriate procedure as per Companies Act 2013.

a) Statement of Compliance

These standalone financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended and presentation requirements of Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013 as amended and notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the ''Act'') and other relevant provisions of the Act.

b) Basis of preparation

The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis (i.e. on an accrual basis), except:

a) Certain financial assets and liabilities (including deferred consideration) are measured at fair value;

b) Net defined benefit assets/(liability) are measured at fair value of plan assets, less present value of defined benefit obligation; and

c) Equity settled share based payments at fair value.

These standalone financial statements have been prepared as a going concern on the basis of relevant Ind AS that are effective at the Company''s reporting date, 31 March 2026.

c) Functional currency and presentation

These standalone financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (''), which is also the Company''s functional currency. All amounts have been rounded-off to the nearest million up to two decimal places, unless otherwise stated.

2) SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Current and non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ noncurrent classification.

An asset is treated as current when it is:

• Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

• Held primarily for the purpose of trading

• Expected to be realized within twelve months after the reporting period, or

• Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is treated as current when:

• It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle,

• It is held primarily for the purpose of trading,

• It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

• It does not have the right at the end of the reporting period to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as noncurrent assets and liabilities.

Based on the time involved between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle for determining current and non-current classification of assets and liabilities in the balance sheet.

Fair value measurement

Certain accounting policies and disclosures of the Company require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

The Company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values. The valuation team regularly reviews significant unobservable inputs and valuation adjustments.

Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

- Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

- Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).

- Level 3 inputs are inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the

fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement. The Company recognizes transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period during which the change has occurred.

(a) i) Revenue from contract with customers

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods or services is transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company has generally concluded that it is the principal in its revenue arrangements because it typically controls the goods or services before transferring them to the customer.

The Company collects Goods and service tax on behalf of the government and, therefore, it is not an economic benefit flowing to the Company. Hence, it is excluded from revenue.

ii) Sale of goods

The Company recognises revenue when (or as) a performance obligation is satisfied, i.e. when ''control'' of the goods underlying the particular performance obligation are transferred to the customer.

Further, revenue from sale of goods is recognized based on a 5-Step Methodology which is as follows:

Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer

Step 2: Identify the performance obligation in contract

Step 3: Determine the transaction price

Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

Step 5: Recognise revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for volume discounts, price concessions and

incentives, if any, as specified in the contract with the customer. Revenue also excludes taxes collected from customers.

Contracts are subject to modification to account for changes in contract specification and requirements. The Company reviews modification to contract in conjunction with the original contract, basis which the transaction price could be allocated to a new performance obligation, or transaction price of an existing obligation could undergo a change. In the event transaction price is revised for existing obligation, a cumulative adjustment is accounted for.

Contract Assets

Contract assets are recognised when there is excess of revenue earned over billings on contracts. Contract assets are classified as unbilled receivables (only act of invoicing is pending) when there is unconditional right to receive cash, and only passage of time is required, as per contractual terms.

Contract liabilities

A contract liability is recognised if a payment is received or a payment is due (whichever is earlier) from a customer before the Company transfers the related goods or services. Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs under the contract (i.e., transfers control of the related goods or services to the customer).

Trade receivables

A trade receivable is recognised if the amount of consideration is unconditional (i.e., only the passage of time is required before payment of the consideration is due). Refer to accounting policies of financial assets in section -Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement.

iii) Sale of services

The Company recognises revenue from sales of services over period of time, because the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company. Revenue from services related activities is recognised as

and when services are rendered and on the basis of contractual terms with the parties

iv) Variable consideration

If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount, such as sales returns and discounts, the Company estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring the goods to the customer. The variable consideration is estimated at contract inception and constrained until it is highly probable that a significant revenue reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur when the associated uncertainty with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Some contracts for the sale of product provide customers with a right of return the goods within a specified period. The Company also provides retrospective volume rebates to certain customers once the quantity of product purchased during the period exceeds the threshold specified in the contract. Various rebates give rise to variable consideration.

v) Other income

Other income comprises interest income on deposits, gain/ (losses) on disposal of financial assets and non-financial assets. It is recognised on accrual basis except where the receipt of income is uncertain.

Interest income is recognised using the effective interest method. The ''effective interest rate'' is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument to:

• The gross carrying amount of the financial asset; or

• The amortised cost of the financial liability.

Dividend income is accounted when the right to receive the dividend is established, Dividend income is included under the head "Other income" in the statement of profit and loss account.

(b) Business combination

Business combinations are accounted for using the

acquisition method. The cost of an acquisition is

measured as the aggregate of the consideration transferred measured at acquisition date fair value. Acquisition-related costs are expensed in the periods in which the costs are incurred and the services are received, with the exception of the costs of issuing debt or equity securities that are recognised in accordance with Ind AS 32 and Ind AS 109

The Company determines that it has acquired a business when the acquired set of activities and assets include an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create outputs. The acquired process is considered substantive if it is critical to the ability to continue producing outputs, and the inputs acquired include an organised workforce with the necessary skills, knowledge, or experience to perform that process or it significantly contributes to the ability to continue producing outputs and is considered unique or scarce or cannot be replaced without significant cost, effort, or delay in the ability to continue producing outputs.

At the acquisition date, the identifiable assets acquired, and the liabilities assumed are recognised at their acquisition date fair values. For this purpose, the liabilities assumed include contingent liabilities representing present obligation and they are measured at their acquisition fair values irrespective of the fact that outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is not probable. However, the following assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination are measured at the basis indicated below:

(i) Deferred tax assets or liabilities, and the liabilities or assets related to employee benefit arrangements are recognised and measured in accordance with Ind AS 12 Income Tax and Ind AS 19 Employee Benefits respectively.

(ii) Potential tax effects of temporary differences and carry forwards tax losses/ unabsorbed depreciation of an acquiree that exist at the acquisition date or arise as a result of the acquisition are accounted in accordance with Ind AS 12.

(iii) Liabilities or equity instruments related to share based payment arrangements of the acquiree or share - based payments arrangements of the Company entered into to replace share-based

payment arrangements of the acquiree are measured in accordance with Ind AS 102 Share-based Payments at the acquisition date.

(iv) Assets (or disposal groups) that are classified as held for sale in accordance with Ind AS 105 Noncurrent Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations are measured in accordance with that Standard.

(v) Reacquired rights are measured at a value determined on the basis of the remaining contractual term of the related contract. Such valuation does not consider potential renewal of the reacquired right.

When the Company acquires a business, it assesses the financial assets and liabilities assumed for appropriate classification and designation in accordance with the contractual terms, economic circumstances and pertinent conditions as at the acquisition date.

If the business combination is achieved in stages, any previously held equity interest is re-measured at its acquisition date fair value and any resulting gain or loss is recognised in the statement of profit and loss or OCI, as appropriate.

Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the acquirer is recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Contingent consideration classified as an asset or liability that is a financial instrument and within the scope of Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, is measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognised in statement of profit and loss in accordance with Ind AS 109. If the contingent consideration is not within the scope of Ind AS 109, it is measured in accordance with the appropriate Ind AS and shall be recognised in statement of profit and loss. Contingent consideration that is classified as equity is not re-measured at subsequent reporting dates and subsequent its settlement is accounted for within equity.

Business combinations under common control

Business combinations involving entities or businesses under common control have been accounted for using the pooling of interest method. The assets and liabilities of the combining entities are reflected at their carrying amounts. No adjustments have been made

to reflect fair values, or to recognise any new assets or liabilities.

(c) Goodwill

Goodwill arising on an acquisition of a business is carried at cost as established at the date of acquisition of the business less accumulated impairment losses, if any.

For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units. The allocation is made to those cash generating units or groups of cash generating units that are expected to benefit from the business combination in which such goodwill arose. A cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit may be impaired.

If the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss for goodwill is recognized directly in statement of profit and loss. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in subsequent periods.

On disposal of the relevant cash-generating unit, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss on disposal.

(d) Property, plant and equipment

i) Recognition and measurement

Property, plant and equipment, excluding Freehold land are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price net of any trade discounts and rebates, any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the tax authorities), any directly attributable expenditure on bringing the assets to working condition for its intended use. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

The cost of a self-constructed item of property, plant and equipment comprises the cost of materials, direct labour, any other costs directly attributable to bringing the item to working condition for its intended use.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

The cost and related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the financial statements upon sale or retirement of the asset and the resultant gains or losses are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Advance paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each balance sheet date classified as capital advances under other non-current assets.

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

ii) Subsequent Cost

Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. The costs of the day to day servicing of property, plant and equipment are recognised in the standalone statement of profit and loss as incurred.

iii) De-recognition

A property, plant and equipment are eliminated from the standalone financial statements on disposal or when no further benefit is expected from its use and disposal. Assets retired from active use and held for disposal are generally stated at the lower of their net book value and net realizable value. Any gain or losses arising disposal of property, plant and equipment is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

iv) Depreciation and useful lives

Depreciable amount for assets is the cost of asset less its estimated residual value. Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is calculated on a straight-line basis using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives estimated by the management. Based on the internal technical assessment, the management believes that the useful lives as given below, which are different from those prescribed in Part C of schedule II of the Act, best represent the period over which Management expects to use these assets.

Property, Plant and Equipment	Management''s estimate of useful life (in years)	Useful life as per Schedule II
Buildings	30	30
Electrical installations	10	10
Plant and machineries	0- 15	15
Furniture and fixtures	10	10
Computers	3	3
Servers	3	6
Office equipments	5	5
Vehicle	6	8

The residual value adopted for such assets does not exceed five per cent of their original cost, in accordance with Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

Freehold land is not depreciated. The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.

(e) Intangible assets

I ntangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. The cost of intangible assets acquired in a business combination is their fair value at the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortised over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates. The amortisation expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognised in the statement of profit and loss account.

The useful lives of intangible assets that is considered for amortization of intangible assets are as follows:

Intangible Asset	Management''s estimate of useful life (in years)
Computer software	3
Customer relationship	7

The residual values, useful lives and method of amortization of intangible assets are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted, if appropriate.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

An intangible asset is derecognised upon disposal (i.e., at the date the recipient obtains control) or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising upon derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the statement of profit and loss account when the asset is derecognised.

(f) Impairment of non-financial assets

At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of non-financial assets (other than inventories, contract asset and deferred tax assets) to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss.

If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized in the statement of profit and loss is measured by the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the estimated recoverable amount of the asset. An impairment loss is reversed in the statement of profit and loss if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount.

When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset / CGU is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. A reversal of impairment loss is recognized immediately in the statement of profit and loss.

Goodwill is tested for impairment annually at the CGU level, as appropriate, and when circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired.

(g) Inventories

I nventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventories comprises purchase price, costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. In determining the cost, weighted average cost is used. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. The comparison of cost and net realizable value is made on an item-by-item basis.

The method of determination of cost is as follows:
Raw materials and components, and stores and spares	: Cost is determined on weighted average basis.
Work in progress	Material cost plus appropriate share of the labour and production overheads depending upon the stage of completion, wherever applicable.
Finished goods	Material cost plus appropriate share of labour and production overheads.

The net realizable value of work-in-progress is determined with reference to the net realizable value of related finished goods.

Raw materials and other supplies held for use in production of inventories are not written down below cost except in cases where material prices have declined, and it is estimated that the cost of the finished products will exceed their net realizable value. Fixed production overheads are allocated on the basis of normal capacity of production facilities. The provision for inventory obsolescence is assessed periodically and is provided as considered necessary.

(h) Investment in subsidiaries

Investment in subsidiaries are shown at cost less impairment. Where the carrying amount of an investment is greater than its estimated recoverable amount, it is written down immediately to its recoverable amount and the difference is transferred to the statement of profit and loss.

The Company reviews its carrying value of investments carried at cost annually, or more frequently when there is indication for impairment. If the recoverable amount is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is recorded in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

On disposal of investment, the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount is charged or credited to the statement of profit and loss.

(i) Financial Instruments A. Financial assets

i) Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition, and subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (OCI), and fair value through profit or loss.

The classification of financial assets at initial recognition depends on the financial asset''s contractual cash flow characteristics and the Company''s business model for managing them. With the exception of trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Company has applied the practical expedient, the Company initially measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs. Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Company has applied the practical expedient are measured at the transaction price determined under Ind AS 115.

ii) Classification and subsequent measurement Financial assets

On initial recognition, a financial instrument is classified and measured at

• Amortised cost

• Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) - equity investments; or

• Fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL).

Financial assets are not classified subsequent to their initial recognition, except if and in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:

• The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and

• The contractual terms of the financial assets give rise on a specified date to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amounts outstanding.

• A debt investment is measured at FVTOCI if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:

• The asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both

collecting contractual cash flow and selling financial assets; and

• The contractual terms of the financial assets give rise on a specified date to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amounts outstanding.

On initial recognition of an equity investment that is not held for trading, the Company may irrevocably elect to present subsequent changes in the investment''s fair value in OCI (designated as FVOCI- equity investment). This election is made on an investment-to-investment basis.

All financial assets not classified as amortized cost or FVOCI as described above are measured at FVTPL. On initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably designate a financial asset that otherwise meets the requirements to be measured at amortized cost or at FVOCI as at FVTPL, if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mismatch that would otherwise arise.

Financial assets: Subsequent measurement and gains and losses

Financial assets, at FVTPL:

These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Net gains and losses, including any interest or dividend income are recognized in the statement of profit or loss.

Financial assets at amortised cost:

These assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The amortised cost is reduced by impairment losses. Interest income, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Equity investments at FVTOCI:

These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Dividends are recognized as income in the statement of profit and loss unless the dividend clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost of the investment. Other net gains and losses are

recognized in OCI and are not reclassified to the statement of profit and loss.

Impairment of financial assets

The Company assesses on a forward-looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. Note 34 details how the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.

I n accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss ("ECL") model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss. The Company follows ''simplified approach'' for recognition of impairment loss allowance on financial assets, trade receivables. The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If in subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the Company reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12 month ECL.

iii) Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognized only when:

• the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from financial asset or

• retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows from financial asset but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognized. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognized.

Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognized if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognized to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

B. Financial liability

i) Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss or amortised cost. All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

ii) Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of

recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognized in OCI. These gains/ losses are not subsequently transferred to statement of profit and loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognized in the statement of profit or loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit or loss.

Amortised cost

After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the Effective Interest Rate ("EIR") method. Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit or loss.

Offsetting

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

(j) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalent includes cash in hand, demand deposit with bank and other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

(k) Cash dividend to equity holders of the Company

The Company recognises a liability to make cash distributions to equity holders of the Company when the distribution is authorised, and the distribution is no longer at the discretion of the Company. Final dividends on shares are recorded as a liability on the date of approval by the shareholders and interim dividends are recorded as a liability on the date of declaration by the Company''s Board of Directors.

(l) Foreign Currency transactions and translations

Foreign currency are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into relevant functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognized in statement of profit and loss.

Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in foreign currency and measured at fair value are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of transaction. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss and are generally recognized in statement of profit and loss

The derivative financial instruments such as forward exchange contracts to hedge its risk associated with foreign currency fluctuation are stated at fair value.

Any gains or losses arising from changes in fair value

are taken directly to the statement of profit or loss.

(m) Employee benefits

i) Defined contribution plan

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays specified contributions to a separate entity and has no obligation to pay any further amounts. The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards employee Provident Fund to Government administered Provident Fund Scheme which is a defined contribution plan. The Company''s contribution is recognized as an expense in the statement of profit and loss during the period in which the employee renders the related service.

ii) Defined benefit plans

The Company''s gratuity plan is a defined benefit plan. The present value of gratuity obligation under such defined benefit plans is determined based on actuarial valuations carried out by an independent actuary using the Projected Unit Credit Method, which recognizes each period of service as giving rise to additional unit of employee benefit entitlement and measure each unit separately to build up the final obligation. The obligation is measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows. The discount rates used for determining the present value of obligation under defined benefit plans, is based on the market yields on Government securities as at the balance sheet date, having maturity periods approximating to the terms of related obligations.

Actuarial gains or losses are recognized in other comprehensive income. Further, the statement of profit and loss does not include an expected return on plan assets. Instead net interest recognized in profit or loss is calculated by applying the discount rate used to measure the defined benefit obligation to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The actual return on plan assets above or below the discount rate is recognized as part of remeasurement of net defined liability or asset through other comprehensive income.

Remeasurements comprising actuarial gains or losses and return on plan assets (excluding

amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability).

The Company''s gratuity scheme is administered through a third party trust and the provision for the same is determined on the basis of actuarial valuation carried out by an independent actuary. Provision is made for the shortfall, if any, between the amounts required to be contributed to meet the accrued liability for gratuity as determined by actuarial valuation and the available corpus of the funds.

iii) Short-term employee benefits

All employee benefits falling due wholly within twelve months of rendering the services are classified as short term employee benefits, which include benefits like salaries, wages and performance incentives and are recognised as expenses in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

Short term employee benefits are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognized for the amount expected to be paid e.g. short term performance incentive, if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past services provided by the employee and the amount of obligation can be estimated reliably.

When the benefits of a plan are changed or when a plan is curtailed, the resulting change in benefit that relates to past service (''past service cost'' or ''past service gain'') or the gain or loss on curtailment is recognized immediately in the statement of profit and loss. The Company recognizes gains and losses on the settlement of a defined benefit plan when the settlement occurs.

iv) Compensated absences:

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The Company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date. The Company

recognizes expected cost of short-term employee benefit as an expense, when an employee renders the related service.

The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long-term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the reporting date. Remeasurement gains/losses are immediately taken to the statement of profit and loss account and are not deferred. The obligations are presented as current liabilities in the balance sheet if the entity does not have a right to defer the settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting date.

v) Share-based payment transactions

Employees of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share-based payments, whereby employees render services as consideration for equity instruments (equity-settled transactions).

The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the date when the grant is made using an appropriate valuation model.

That cost is recognised, together with a corresponding increase in share-based payment (SBP) reserves in equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled in employee benefits expense. The cumulative expense recognised for equity-settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Company''s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The expense or credit in the statement of profit and loss account for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end of that period and is recognised in employee benefits expense.

The dilutive effect of outstanding options is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

n) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or development of qualifying assets are capitalized. Capitalization of borrowing costs ceases when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare the qualifying assets for their intended uses are complete. Qualifying assets are assets which take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale. Borrowing costs include exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs. Other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the standalone statement of profit and loss in the year in which they are incurred.

o) Leases

The Company assesses at contract inception whether a contract is, or contains, a lease, that is if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

Company as a lessee

The Company accounts for each lease component within the contract as a lease separately from nonlease components of the contract and allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component on the basis of the relative stand-alone price of the lease component and the aggregate stand-alone price of the non-lease components.

The Company recognises a right-of-use (ROU) asset representing its right to use the underlying assets for the lease term and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs, less any lease incentives received.

The right-of-use asset is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are as follows:

- Land: 99 Years

- Land and Building: 5 Years

Right-of-use assets are tested for impairment whenever there is any indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Impairment loss, if any, is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

At the commencement date of the lease, the Company recognises lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease payments to be made over the lease term. The lease payments include fixed payments (including in substance fixed payments) less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, and amounts expected to be paid under residual value guarantees.

When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.

The Company applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to all assets that have a lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date. The lease payments associated with these leases are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

p) Taxes

Current Income Tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.

Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Current tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred Tax

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets

and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.

Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside the statement of profit and loss is recognized outside the statement of profit and loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Deferred tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or direct in equity.

The company offsets deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities if and only if it has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets and current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either the same taxable entity which intends either to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis, or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously, in each future period in which significant amounts of deferred tax liabilities or assets are expected to be settled or recovered.

q) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities (i) Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company

has a present obligation (legal or constructive)

as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, for example, under an insurance contract, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost. Expected future operating losses are not provided for.

(ii) Contingent liabilities Contingent liability is:

(a) a possible obligation arising from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the entity or

(b) a present obligation that arises from past events but is not recognized because;

- it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, or

- the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.

The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence and other required disclosures in notes to the financial statements, unless the possibility of any outflow in settlement is remote.

r) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the owners of the Company

for the year by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during reporting period.

Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. The number of shares used in computing diluted earnings per share comprises the weighted average shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion o

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Mar 31, 2025

1) COMPANY OVERVIEW

S.J.S. Enterprises Limited ("the Company") is incorporated and domiciled in India. The Company was formed as a partnership firm in 1987 and was converted to private limited company in 2005. The Company got converted into public limited company with effect from 04 June 2021. The shares of the Company were listed on the National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) and the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited (BSE) on 15 November 2021. The Company is engaged in the business of manufacturing of decorative aesthetic products primarily for automotive and consumer appliance industry such as automotive dials, overlays, badges and logos.

The registered office of the Company is at Sy.Nos - 28/ P16 Agra Village & 85/ P6 BM Kaval Village, Kengeri Hobli, Bangalore South 560082, Karnataka, India.

a) Statement of Compliance and presentation

These standalone financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended and notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the ''Act'') and other relevant provisions of the Act.

These standalone financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2025 were approved by the Board of Directors of the Company in their meeting held on 08 May 2025.

b) Basis of preparation

The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis (i.e. on an accrual basis), except:

a) Certain financial assets and liabilities (including deferred consideration) are measured at fair value;

b) Net defined benefit assets/(liability) are measured at fair value of plan assets, less present value of defined benefit obligation; and

c) Equity settled share based payments at fair value.

These standalone financial statements have been prepared as a going concern on the basis of

relevant Ind AS that are effective at the Company''s reporting date, 31 March 2025.

c) Functional currency and presentation

These standalone financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (INR), which is also the Company''s functional currency. All amounts have been rounded-off to the nearest millions up to two decimal places, unless otherwise mentioned.

d) Use of estimates, assumptions and judgements

The preparation of standalone financial statements in conformity with recognition and measurement principles of Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of the standalone financial statements and the reported amount of income and expenses for the year reported. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. They are based on historical experience and other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstance. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the year in which the estimates are revised, and future periods are affected.

Judgements:

Information about judgements made in applying accounting policies that have most significant effects on the amounts recognized in the financial statements is included in the following notes:

- Note 2 (a) - Revenue recognition;

- Note 2 (o) - Lease classification;

- Note 2(h) - Valuation of investments

- Note 2(m)(e) - Share-based payments;

- Note 2(p) and 2(q) - Provision for income taxes and related tax contingencies.

Assumptions and estimation uncertainties

Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties that have a significant risk of resulting

in a material adjustment in the year ending 31

March 2025 is included in the following notes:

- Note 2 (c) and Note 2 (d)- Useful life of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets;

- Note 2 (m) - Measurement of defined benefit obligations: key actuarial assumptions.

- Note 2 (q) - Recognition and measurement of provisions and contingencies: key assumptions about the likelihood and magnitude of an outflow of resources

- Note 34 - Financial instruments - fair values and risk management

- Note 2(a) - Accruals for discount, rebates and sales returns

- Note 2(f)- Provision for inventory

- Note 2(i) - Measurement of ECL allowance for trade and finance receivable, loans and contract assets: key assumptions in determining the weighted-average loss rate;

- Note 2(b) - Impairment test of intangible assets, investments and goodwill: key assumptions underlying recoverable amounts.

e) Current and non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities

in the balance sheet based on current/ noncurrent classification.

An asset is treated as current when it is:

• Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

• Held primarily for the purpose of trading

• Expected to be realized within twelve months after the reporting period, or

• Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is treated as current when:

• It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle,

• It is held primarily for the purpose of trading,

• It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

• There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.

f) Fair value measurement

Certain accounting policies and disclosures of the Company require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

The Company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values. The valuation team regularly reviews significant unobservable inputs and valuation adjustments.

Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

- Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

- Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).

- Level 3 inputs are inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. If the inputs used to measure

the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.

The Company recognizes transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period during which the change has occurred.

Further information about the assumptions made in measuring fair values is included in the following notes:

- Note 33 and 34: financial instruments

2) SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

(a) Revenue recognition Sale of goods

Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised goods to customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services.

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, net of customer incentives, discounts, variable considerations, payments made to customers, other similar charges, as specified in the contract with the customer. Additionally, revenue excludes taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. For certain contracts that permits the customer to return an item, revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur and is reassessed at the end of each reporting period.

Revenue from sale of products is recognised at the point in time when control including risks and rewards and title of ownership is transferred to customer.

Costs that relate directly to a contract and incurred in securing a contract are recognized as an asset and amortized over the contract term as reduction in revenue.

Further, revenue from sale of goods is recognized based on a 5-Step Methodology which is as follows:

Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer

Step 2: Identify the performance obligation in contract

Step 3: Determine the transaction price

Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

Step 5: Recognise revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation

Contracts are subject to modification to account for changes in contract specification and requirements. The Company reviews modification to contract in conjunction with the original contract, basis which the transaction price could be allocated to a new performance obligation, or transaction price of an existing obligation could undergo a change. In the event transaction price is revised for existing obligation, a cumulative adjustment is accounted for.

Scrap sales

Revenue from sale of scraps in the course of ordinary activities is measured at the transaction price.

Trade receivables

A trade receivable is recognised if the amount of consideration is unconditional (i.e., only the passage of time is required before payment of the consideration is due). Refer to accounting policies of financial assets in section - Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement.

Unbilled revenue

Unbilled revenue are recognised when there is excess of revenue earned over billings on contracts. Contract assets are classified as unbilled receivables (only act of invoicing is pending) when there is unconditional right to receive cash, and only passage of time is required, as per contractual terms.

Unearned or deferred revenue is recognised when there are billings in excess of revenues.

Sale of services

Revenue with respect to sale of services is recognized when the services are rendered, and no significant uncertainty exists regarding the collection of consideration.

Export incentives

Government incentives are accrued for based on fulfilment of eligibility criteria for availing the incentives and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.

Variable consideration

If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount, such as sales returns and discounts, the Company estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring the goods to the customer. The variable consideration is estimated at contract inception and constrained until it is highly probable that a significant revenue reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur when the associated uncertainty with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.

Other income

Other income comprises interest income on deposits, gain/ (losses) on disposal of financial assets and non-financial assets. It is recognised on accrual basis except where the receipt of income is uncertain.

Interest income is recognised using the effective interest method. The ''effective interest rate'' is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument to:

• The gross carrying amount of the financial asset; or

• The amortised cost of the financial liability.

Dividend income is accounted when the right to receive the dividend is established, Dividend income is included under the head "Other income" in the statement of profit and loss account.

(b) Business combination

In accordance with Ind AS 103, Business combinations, the Group accounts for business

combinations after acquisition date using the acquisition method when control is transferred to the Group. In determining whether a particular set of activities and assets is a business, the Group assesses whether the set of assets and activities acquired includes, at minimum, an input and substantive process and whether the acquired set has the ability to produce outputs. Acquisition related costs are recognized in the statement of profit and loss as incurred. The cost of acquisition also includes the fair value of deferred consideration. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition-date fair values of the assets transferred by the Group, liabilities incurred by the Group to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the Group in exchange of control of the acquiree.

At the acquisition date (the date on which the control is acquired), the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed are recognised at their fair value, except that:

• deferred tax assets or liabilities, and assets or liabilities related to employee benefit arrangements are recognised and measured in accordance with Ind AS 12 Income Taxes and Ind AS 19 Employee Benefits respectively;

• liabilities or equity instruments related to share-based payment arrangements of the acquiree or share-based payment arrangements of the Group entered into to replace share-based payment arrangements of the acquiree are measured in accordance with Ind AS 102 Share-based Payment at the acquisition date.

Purchase consideration paid in excess of the fair value of net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill. Where the fair value of identifiable assets and liabilities exceed the cost of acquisition, after reassessing the fair values of the net assets and contingent liabilities, the excess is recognized as capital reserve.

Business combinations arising from transfers of interests in entities that are under common control are accounted at historical cost. The difference

between any consideration given and the aggregate historical carrying amounts of assets and liabilities of the acquired entity are recorded in shareholders'' equity.

Non-controlling interests that are present ownership interests and entitle their holders to a proportionate share of the entity''s net assets in the event of liquidation may be initially measured either at fair value or at the non-controlling interests'' proportionate share of the recognised amounts of the acquiree''s identifiable net assets. The choice of measurement basis is made on a transaction-by-transaction basis.

If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the combination occurs, the Group reports provisional amounts for the items for which the accounting is incomplete. Those provisional amounts are adjusted during the measurement period (see above), or additional assets or liabilities are recognized, to reflect new information obtained about facts and

circumstances that existed at the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the amounts recognized at that date.

(c) Intangible assets:

Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are measured at fair value as at the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any. The amortization of an intangible asset with a finite useful life reflects the manner in which the economic benefit is expected to be generated and is included in depreciation and amortization expenses in the statements of profit and loss. The estimated useful life of amortizable intangibles are reviewed and where appropriate are adjusted, annually.

Subsequent to initial recognition, intangible assets acquired in a business combination are reported at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, on the same basis as intangible assets that are acquired separately.

Goodwill:

Goodwill arising on an acquisition of a business is carried at cost as established at the date of acquisition of the business less accumulated impairment losses, if any.

For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units. The allocation is made to those cash generating units or groups of cash generating units that are expected to benefit from the business combination in which such goodwill arose. A cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit may be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the cashgenerating unit is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss for goodwill is recognized directly in statement of profit and loss. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in subsequent periods.

On disposal of the relevant cash-generating unit, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss on disposal.

(d) Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment, excluding Freehold land are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price net of any trade discounts and rebates, any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the tax authorities), any directly attributable expenditure on bringing the assets to working condition for its intended use and estimated cost of dismantling and removing the items and restoring the site on which it is located.

The cost of a self-constructed item of property, plant and equipment comprises the cost of materials, direct labour, any other costs directly attributable to bringing the item to working condition for its intended use and estimated costs of dismantling and removing them and restoring the site on which it is located.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company and such expenditure can be measured reliably.

The cost and related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the financial statements upon sale or retirement of the asset and the resultant gains or losses are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. Assets to be disposed off are reported at the lower of the carrying value or the fair value less cost to sell.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

A property, plant and equipment are eliminated from the standalone financial statements on disposal or when no further benefit is expected from its use and disposal. Assets retired from active use and held for disposal are generally stated at the lower of their net book value and net realizable value. Any gain or losses arising disposal of property, plant and equipment is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Advance paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each balance sheet date classified as capital advances under other non-current assets and the cost of the assets not put to use before such date are disclosed under capital work in progress.

The cost property, plant and equipment at 1 April 2019, the Company''s date of transition to Ind AS, was determined with reference to its carrying value recognised as per the previous GAAP (deemed cost), as at the date of transition to Ind AS.

Depreciation and useful lives

Depreciable amount for assets is the cost of asset less its estimated residual value. Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is calculated on a straight-line basis using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives estimated by the management. Based on the internal technical assessment, the management believes that the useful lives as given below, which are different from those prescribed in Part C of schedule II of the Act, best represent the period over which Management expects to use these assets.

Property, Plant and Equipment	Management''s estimate of useful life (in years)	Useful life as per Schedule II
Buildings	30	30
Electrical installations	10	10
Plant and machineries	15	15
Furniture and fixtures	10	10
Computers	3	3
Servers	3	6
Office equipments	5	5
Vehicle	8	8
Leasehold improvements	5 years or lease period whichever is lower

Freehold land is not depreciated. The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.

An asset''s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset''s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount. Gains and losses on disposal are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in statement of profit or loss within other gains / losses.

(e) Other Intangible assets

Intangible assets with finite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Intangible assets are amortized

over their respective individual estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis, from the date that they are available for use. The estimated useful life of an identifiable intangible asset is based on a number of factors including the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition, and other economic factors (such as the stability of the industry, and known technological advances), and the level of maintenance expenditures required to obtain the expected future cash flows from the asset. Amortization methods and useful lives are reviewed periodically including at each financial year end.

The useful lives of intangible assets that is considered for amortization of intangible assets are as follows:

Intangible Asset	Management''s estimate of useful life (in years)
Computer software	3
Customer relationship	7
Non-compete fees	3

The residual values, useful lives and method of amortization of intangible assets are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted, if appropriate.

An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, are recognised in statement of profit and loss.

Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company and such expenditure can be measured reliably.

(f) Impairment of non-financial asset

At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of non-financial assets (other than inventories, contract asset and deferred tax assets) to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the

recoverable amount is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pretax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized in the statement of profit and loss is measured by the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the estimated recoverable amount of the asset. An impairment loss is reversed in the statement of profit and loss if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount.

When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset / CGU is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. A reversal of impairment loss is recognized immediately in the statement of profit and loss.

(g) Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventories comprises purchase price, costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. In determining the cost, weighted average cost is used. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs to sell. The comparison of cost and net realizable value is made on an item-by-item basis.

The method of determination of cost is as follows:

• Raw materials and components- on a

weighted average basis

• Stores and spares - on a weighted

average basis

• Work-in-progress - includes cost

of conversion.

• Finished goods- includes cost of conversion.

• Goods in transit - at purchase cost

The net realizable value of work-in-progress is determined with reference to the net realizable value of related finished goods. Raw materials and other supplies held for use in production of inventories are not written down below cost except in cases where material prices have declined, and it is estimated that the cost of the finished products will exceed their net realizable value. Fixed production overheads are allocated on the basis of normal capacity of production facilities. The provision for inventory obsolescence is assessed periodically and is provided as considered necessary.

(h) Investment in subsidiaries

Investment in subsidiaries are shown at cost less impairment. Where the carrying amount of an investment is greater than its estimated recoverable amount, it is written down immediately to its recoverable amount and the difference is transferred to the statement of profit and loss.

On disposal of investment, the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount is charged or credited to the statement of profit and loss.

(i) Financial Instruments A. Financial assets

i) Recognition and initial measurement

Trade receivables and debt securities are initially recognized when they are originated. All other financial assets and liabilities are initially recognized when the Company becomes a party to contractual provisions of the instrument.

All financial instruments are recognised initially at fair value. Transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset (other than financial assets recorded at fair value through profit or loss) are included in the fair value of the financial assets.

ii) Classification and subsequent measurement Financial assets

On initial recognition, a financial instrument is classified and measured at

• Amortised cost

• Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) - debt instruments;

• Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) - equity investments; or

• Fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL).

Financial assets are not classified subsequent to their initial recognition, except if and in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:

• The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and

• The contractual terms of the financial assets give rise on a specified date to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amounts outstanding.

• A debt investment is measured at FVTOCI if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:

• The asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flow and selling financial assets; and

• The contractual terms of the financial assets give rise on a specified date to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amounts outstanding.

On initial recognition of an equity investment that is not held for trading, the Company may irrevocably elect to present subsequent changes in the investment''s fair value in OCI (designated as FVOCI- equity investment). This election is made on an investment-to-investment basis.

All financial assets not classified as amortized cost or FVOCI as described above are measured at FVTPL. On initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably designate a financial asset that otherwise meets the requirements to be measured at amortized cost or at FVOCI as at FVTPL, if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mistake that would otherwise arise.

Financial assets: Subsequent measurement and gains and losses Financial assets, at FVTPL:

These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Net gains and losses, including any interest or dividend income are recognized in the statement of profit or loss.

Financial assets at amortised cost:

These assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The amortised cost is reduced by impairment losses. Interest income, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Debt investments at FVTOCI:

These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Interest income under effective interest method, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. Other net

gains and losses are recognized in OCI. On derecognition, gains and losses accumulated in OCI are reclassified to the statement of profit and loss.

Equity investments at FVTOCI:

These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Dividends are recognized as income in the statement of profit and loss unless the dividend clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost of the investment. Other net gains and losses are recognized in OCI and are not reclassified to the statement of profit and loss.

Impairment of financial assets

The Company assesses on a forward-looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. Note 34 details how the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.

In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss ("ECL") model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss. The Company follows ''simplified approach'' for recognition of impairment loss allowance on financial assets, trade receivables. The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If in subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in

credit risk since initial recognition, then the Company reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12 month ECL.

iii) Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognized only when:

• the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from financial asset or

• retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows from financial asset but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognized. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognized.

Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognized if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognized to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

B. Financial liability

i) Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss or amortised cost. All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

ii) Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind AS 109. Separate embedded derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognized in OCI. These gains/ losses are not subsequently transferred to statement of profit and loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognized in the statement of profit or loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit or loss.

Amortised cost

After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the Effective Interest Rate ("EIR") method. Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial guarantee contracts

Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified party fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognized initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 and the amount recognized less cumulative amortization.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit or loss.

Offsetting

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

(j) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalent includes cash in hand, demand deposit with bank and other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, and bank overdrafts.

(k) Cash dividend to equity holders of the Company

The Company recognises a liability to make cash distributions to equity holders of the Company when the distribution is authorised, and the distribution is no longer at the discretion of the Company. Final dividends on shares are recorded as a liability on the date of approval by the shareholders and interim dividends are recorded as a liability on the date of declaration by the Company''s Board of Directors.

(l) Foreign Currency transactions and translations

Foreign currency are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into relevant functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognized in statement of profit and loss.

Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in foreign currency and measured at fair value are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and nonmonetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of transaction. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss and are generally recognized in statement of profit and loss, except exchange differences arising from the translation of the following items which are recognized in OCI:

• equity investments at fair value through OCI (FVOCI)

• a financial liability designated as a hedge of the net investment in a foreign operation to the extent that the hedge is effective; and

• qualifying cash flow hedges to the extent that the hedges are effective.

(m) Employee benefits

a. Defined contribution plan

A defined contribution plan is a postemployment benefit plan under which an entity pays specified contributions to a separate entity and has no obligation to pay any further amounts. The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards employee Provident Fund to Government administered Provident Fund Scheme which is a defined contribution plan. The Company''s contribution is recognized as an expense in the statement of profit and loss during the period in which the employee renders the related service.

b. Defined benefit plans

The Company''s gratuity plan is a defined benefit plan. The present value of gratuity obligation under such defined benefit plans is determined based on actuarial valuations carried out by an independent actuary using the Projected Unit Credit Method, which recognizes each period of service as giving rise to additional unit of employee benefit entitlement and measure each unit separately to build up the final obligation. The obligation is measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows. The discount rates used for determining the present value of obligation under defined benefit plans, is based on the market yields on Government securities as at the balance sheet date, having maturity periods approximating to the terms of related obligations.

Actuarial gains or losses are recognized in other comprehensive income. Further, the statement of profit and loss does not include an expected return on plan assets. Instead net interest recognized in profit or loss is calculated by applying the discount rate used to measure the defined benefit obligation to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The actual return on plan assets above or below the discount rate is recognized as part of remeasurement of net defined liability or asset through other comprehensive income.

Remeasurements comprising actuarial gains or losses and return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability) are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

The Company''s gratuity scheme is administered through a third party trust and the provision for the same is determined on the basis of actuarial valuation carried out by an independent actuary. Provision is made for the shortfall, if any, between the amounts required to be contributed to meet the accrued liability for gratuity as determined by actuarial valuation and the available corpus of the funds.

c. Short-term employee benefits

All employee benefits falling due wholly within twelve months of rendering the services are classified as short term employee benefits, which include benefits like salaries, wages and performance incentives and are recognised as expenses in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

Short term employee benefits are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognized for the amount expected to be paid e.g. short term performance incentive, if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past services provided by the employee and the amount of obligation can be estimated reliably.

When the benefits of a plan are changed or when a plan is curtailed, the resulting change in benefit that relates to past service (''past service cost'' or ''past service gain'') or the gain or loss on curtailment is recognized immediately in the statement of profit and loss. The Company recognizes gains and losses on the settlement of a defined benefit plan when the settlement occurs.

d. Compensated absences:

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised at an actuarially determined liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance sheet date. In respect of compensated absences expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services, liability for short-term employee benefits is measured at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the related service.

e. Share-based payment transactions

The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the date when the grant is made using an appropriate valuation model and Company''s estimate of equity instruments that will vest. That cost is recognized, together with a corresponding increase in share-options outstanding account in equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled in employee benefits expense.

(n) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs are interest and other costs (including exchange differences relating to foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs) incurred in connection with the borrowing of funds. Borrowing costs allocated to and utilized for qualifying assets pertaining to the period from commencement of activities directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of

upto the date of capitalisation of such asset are added to the cost of the assets. Qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing costs.. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur.

(o) Leases

The Company assesses at contract inception whether a contract is, or contains, a lease, that is if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

Company as a lessee

The Company accounts for each lease component within the contract as a lease separately from nonlease components of the contract and allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component on the basis of the relative stand-alone price of the lease component and the aggregate stand-alone price of the non-lease components.

The Company recognises a right-of-use (ROU) asset representing its right to use the underlying assets for the lease term and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.

The right-of-use assets is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property, plant and equipment.

Right-of-use assets are tested for impairment whenever there is any indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Impairment loss, if any, is recognised in the statement of profit and loss..

When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.

The Company applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to all assets that have a lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date. The lease payments associated with these leases are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Further, leases for which the underlying asset is of low value has been recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(p) Taxation

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred income tax. Income tax expense is recognized in net profit in the statement of profit and loss except to the extent it relates to items recognized directly in equity, in which case it is recognized in other comprehensive income. Current income tax for current and prior periods is recognized at the amount expected to be paid or recovered from the tax authorities, using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for all temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the standalone financial statements except for the cases mentioned below.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of changes in tax rates on deferred income tax assets and liabilities is recognized as income or expense in the period

that includes the enactment or substantive enactment date.

Deferred tax is not recognized for temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of assets and liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profits or loss at the time of the transaction, and temporary investment related to investment in subsidiaries, associates and joint agreements to the extent that the Company is able to control the timing of reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used. The Company recognises a deferred tax asset only to the extent that it has sufficient taxable temporary differences or there is convincing other evidence that sufficient taxable profits will be available against which such deferred tax can be realised. Deferred tax assets, unrecognised or recognised, are reviewed at each reporting date and are recognised/reduced to the extent that it is probable/no longer probable respectively that the related tax benefit will be realised.

The Company offsets, the current tax assets and liabilities (on a year on year basis) and deferred tax assets and liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right and where it intends to settle such assets and liabilities on a net basis.

(q) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities

(i) Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, the expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement. If the effect of the time

value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost. Expected future operating losses are not provided for.

(ii) Onerous contract

Provision for onerous contracts. i.e. contracts where the expected unavoidable cost of meeting the obligations under the contract exceed the economic benefits expected to be received under it, are recognised when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle a present obligation as a result of an obligating event based on a reliable estimate of such obligation.

(iii) Contingent liabilities

A disclosure for contingent liabilities is made where there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may probably not require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible or a present obligation where the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

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Mar 31, 2023

1. Company overview

S.J.S. Enterprises Limited is a Company, incorporated and domiciled in India. The Company was formed as a partnership firm in 1987 and was converted to private limited company in 2005. The shares of the Company were listed on the National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) and , the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited (BSE) on 15 November 2021. The Company is engaged in the business of manufacturing of decorative aesthetic products primarily for automotive and consumer appliance industry such as automotive dials, overlays, badges and logos.

The registered office of the Company is at Sy.Nos - 28/ P16 Agra Village & 85/ P6 BM Kaval Village, Kengeri Hobli, Bangalore South 560082, Karnataka, India.

a) Statement of Compliance and presentation

These standalone financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended and notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the ''Act'') and other relevant provisions of the Act.

These standalone financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors of the Company in their meeting held on 15 May 2023.

b) Basis of preparation

The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost convention and on an accrual basis of accounting, except:

a) Defined benefit and other long-term employee benefits where plan asset is measured at fair value less present value of defined benefit obligations.

b) Certain financial instruments that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies below.

Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly issued Indian Accounting Standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing Indian Accounting Standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.

Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services. Fair value is the price that would be received

to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between the market participants at the measurement date.

These standalone financial statements have been prepared as a going concern on the basis of relevant Ind AS that are effective at the Company''s reporting date, 31 March 2023.

c) Functional currency and presentation

These standalone financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (INR), which is also the Company''s functional currency. All amounts have been rounded-off to the nearest million up to two decimal places, unless otherwise mentioned.

d) Use of estimates, assumptions and judgements

The preparation of standalone financial statements in conformity with recognition and measurement principles of Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of the standalone financial statements and the reported amount of income and expenses for the year reported. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. They are based on historical experience and other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstance. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the year in which the estimates are revised, and future periods are affected.

Assumptions, judgements and estimation:

Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment in the year ending 31 March 2023 is included in the following notes:

- Note 2 (c) and Note 2 (d)- Useful life of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets;

- Note 2(g) and Note 2(h) - Valuation of investments

- Note 2 (i) - Impairment of financial assets

- Note 2 (m) - Measurement of defined benefit obligations: key actuarial assumptions.

- Note 2 (o) - Lease classification;

- Note 2 (q) - Recognition and measurement of provisions and contingencies: key assumptions about the likelihood and magnitude of an outflow of resources

- Note 34 - Financial instruments - fair values and risk management

e) Current and non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification.

An asset is treated as current when it is:

• Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

• Held primarily for the purpose of trading

• Expected to be realized within twelve months after the reporting period, or

• Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is treated as current when:

• It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle,

• It is held primarily for the purpose of trading,

• It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

• There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as noncurrent assets and non-current liabilities.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in Cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.

f) Fair value measurement

Certain accounting policies and disclosures of the Company require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

The Company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values. The valuation team regularly reviews significant unobservable inputs and valuation adjustments.

Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

• Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

• Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).

• Level 3 inputs are inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.

The Company recognizes transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period during which the change has occurred.

Further information about the assumptions made in measuring fair values is included in the following notes:

- Note 33: financial instruments

2. Summary of Significant accounting policies

(a) Revenue recognition Sale of goods

Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised goods to customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods.

The Company recognises revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, net of customer incentives, discounts, variable considerations, payments made to customers, other similar charges, as specified in the contract with the customer. Additionally, revenue excludes taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. For certain contracts that permits the customer to return an item, revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur and is reassessed at the end of each reporting period.

Revenue from sale of products is recognised at the point in time when control is transferred to customer.

Costs that relate directly to a contract and incurred in securing a contract are recognized as an asset and amortized over the contract term as reduction in revenue

Further, revenue from sale of goods is recognized based on a 5-Step Methodology which is as follows:

Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer

Step 2: Identify the performance obligation in contract

Step 3: Determine the transaction price

Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

Step 5: Recognise revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation

Contracts are subject to modification to account for changes in contract specification and requirements. The Company reviews modification to contract in conjunction with the original contract, basis which the transaction price could be allocated to a new performance obligation, or transaction price of an existing obligation could undergo a change. In the event transaction price is revised for existing obligation, a cumulative adjustment is accounted for.

Scrap sales

Revenue from sale of scraps in the course of ordinary activities is measured at the transaction price.

Trade receivables

A trade receivable is recognised if the amount of consideration is unconditional (i.e., only the passage of time is required before payment of the consideration is

due). Refer to accounting policies of financial assets in section - Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement.

Unbilled revenue

Unbilled revenue are recognised when there is excess of revenue earned over billings on contracts. Contract assets are classified as unbilled receivables (only act of invoicing is pending) when there is unconditional right to receive cash, and only passage of time is required, as per contractual terms.

Unearned or deferred revenue is recognised when there are billings in excess of revenues.

Sale of services

Revenue with respect to sale of services is recognized when the services are rendered, and no significant uncertainty exists regarding the collection of consideration.

Export incentives

Government incentives are accrued for based on fulfilment of eligibility criteria for availing the incentives and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.

Variable consideration

If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount, such as sales returns and discounts, the Company estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring the goods to the customer. The variable consideration is estimated at contract inception and constrained until it is highly probable that a significant revenue reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur when the associated uncertainty with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.

Other income

Other income comprises interest income on deposits, gain/ (losses) on disposal of financial assets and nonfinancial assets. It is recognised on accrual basis except where the receipt of income is uncertain.

Interest income is recognised using the effective interest method. The ''effective interest rate'' is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument to:

• The gross carrying amount of the financial asset; or

• The amortised cost of the financial liability.

Dividend income is accounted when the right to receive the dividend is established, Dividend income is included under the head "Other income" in the statement of profit and loss account.

(b) Business combination

The Company accounts for its business combinations under acquisition method of accounting. Acquisition related costs are recognised in the statement of profit and loss as incurred. The acquiree''s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities that meet the condition for recognition are recognised at their fair values at the acquisition date.

Purchase consideration paid in excess of the fair value of net assets acquired is recognised as goodwill. Where the fair value of identifiable assets and liabilities exceed the cost of acquisition, after reassessing the fair values of the net assets and contingent liabilities, the excess is recognised as capital reserve.

Business combinations arising from transfers of interests in entities that are under common control are accounted at historical cost. The difference between any consideration given and the aggregate historical carrying amounts of assets and liabilities of the acquired entity are recorded in shareholders'' equity.

Other intangible assets:

Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are measured at fair value as at the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses, if any. The amortisation of an intangible asset with a finite useful life reflects the manner in which the economic benefit is expected to be generated and is included in depreciation and amortisation expenses in the statements of profit and loss. The estimated useful life of amortisable intangibles are reviewed and where appropriate are adjusted, annually.

(c) Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment, excluding Freehold land are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price net of any trade discounts and rebates, any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the tax authorities), any directly attributable expenditure on

bringing the assets to working condition for its intended use and estimated cost of dismantling and removing the items and restoring the site on which it is located.

The cost of a self-constructed item of property, plant and equipment comprises the cost of materials, direct labour, any other costs directly attributable to bringing the item to working condition for its intended use and estimated costs of dismantling and removing them and restoring the site on which it is located.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company and such expenditure can be measured reliably.

Repairs and maintenance costs are recognized in the statement of profit and loss when incurred. The cost and related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the financial statements upon sale or retirement of the asset and the resultant gains or losses are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. Assets to be disposed off are reported at the lower of the carrying value or the fair value less cost to sell.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

A property, plant and equipment is eliminated from the standalone financial statements on disposal or when no further benefit is expected from its use and disposal. Assets retired from active use and held for disposal are generally stated at the lower of their net book value and net realizable value. Any gain or losses arising disposal of property, plant and equipment is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Advance paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each balance sheet date classified as capital advances under other non-current assets and the cost of the assets not put to use before such date are disclosed under capital work in progress.

Depreciation and useful lives

Depreciable amount for assets is the cost of asset less its estimated residual value. Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is calculated on a straight-line basis using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives estimated by the management. Based on the internal technical assessment, the management believes that the useful lives as given below, which are different from those prescribed in Part C of schedule II of the Act, best represent the period over which Management expects to use these assets.

Property, Plant and Equipment	Management''s estimate of useful life (in years)	Useful life as per Schedule II
Building	30	30
Electrical	10	10
Installations
Plant and	15	15
machineries
Furniture	10	10
and fixtures
Computers	3	3
Servers	3	6
Office equipment	5	5
Vehicle	8	8

Freehold land is not depreciated. The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.

An asset''s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset''s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount. Gains and losses on disposal are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in statement of profit or loss within other gains / losses.

(d) Other Intangible assets

Intangible assets with finite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Intangible assets are amortized over their respective individual estimated useful lives on a straight-line

basis, from the date that they are available for use. The estimated useful life of an identifiable intangible asset is based on a number of factors including the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition, and other economic factors (such as the stability of the industry, and known technological advances), and the level of maintenance expenditures required to obtain the expected future cash flows from the asset. Amortization methods and useful lives are reviewed periodically including at each financial year end.

The useful lives of intangible assets that is considered for amortization of intangible assets are as follows:

Intangible Asset	Management''s estimate of useful life (in years)
Computer Software	3
Technical Know How	3
Customer Relationship	7
Non-compete	3

The residual values, useful lives and method of amortization of intangible assets are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted, if appropriate.

An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, are recognised in statement of profit and loss.

(e) Impairment of non-financial asset

At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of non-financial assets (other than inventories, contract asset and deferred tax assets) to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their

present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized in the statement of profit and loss is measured by the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the estimated recoverable amount of the asset. An impairment loss is reversed in the statement of profit and loss if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount.

When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset / CGU is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. A reversal of impairment loss is recognized immediately in the statement of profit and loss.

(f) Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventories comprises purchase price, costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. In determining the cost, weighted average cost is used. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs to sell. The comparison of cost and net realizable value is made on an item-by-item basis.

The method of determination of cost is as follows:

• Raw materials and components - on a weighted average basis

• Stores and spares - on a weighted average basis

• Work-in-progress - includes cost of conversion.

• Finished goods- includes cost of conversion.

• Goods in transit - at purchase cost

The net realizable value of work-in-progress is determined with reference to the net realizable value of related finished goods. Raw materials and other supplies held for use in production of inventories are not written

down below cost except in cases where material prices have declined, and it is estimated that the cost of the finished products will exceed their net realizable value. Fixed production overheads are allocated on the basis of normal capacity of production facilities. The provision for inventory obsolescence is assessed periodically and is provided as considered necessary.

(g) Investment in subsidiaries

Investment in subsidiaries are shown at cost less impairment. Where the carrying amount of an investment is greater than its estimated recoverable amount, it is written down immediately to its recoverable amount and the difference is transferred to the statement of profit and loss.

On disposal of investment, the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount is charged or credited to the statement of profit and loss.

(h) Investment in associates

Investment in associates is under the equity method. On initial recognition the investment in an associate is recognised at cost, and the carrying amount is increased or decreased to recognise the investor''s share of the profit or loss of the investee after the date of acquisition. The investor''s share of the investee''s profit or loss is recognised in the investor''s profit or loss.

(i) Financial Instruments A. Financial assets

i) Recognition and initial measurement

Trade receivables and debt securities are initially recognized when they are originated. All other financial assets and liabilities are initially recognized when the Company becomes a party to contractual provisions of the instrument.

All financial instruments are recognised initially at fair value. Transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset (other than financial assets recorded at fair value through profit or loss) are included in the fair value of the financial assets.

ii) Classification and subsequent measurement Financial assets

On initial recognition, a financial instrument is classified and measured at

• Amortised cost

• Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) - debt instruments;

• Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) - equity investments; or

• Fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL).

Financial assets are not classified subsequent to their initial recognition, except if and in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:

• The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and

• The contractual terms of the financial assets give rise on a specified date to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amounts outstanding.

A debt investment is measured at FVTOCI if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:

• The asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flow and selling financial assets; and

• The contractual terms of the financial assets give rise on a specified date to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amounts outstanding.

On initial recognition of an equity investment that is not held for trading, the Company may irrevocably elect to present subsequent changes in the investment''s fair value in OCI

(designated as FVOCI- equity investment). This election is made on an investment-to-investment basis.

All financial assets not classified as amortized cost or FVOCI as described above are measured at FVTPL. On initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably designate a financial asset that otherwise meets the requirements to be measured at amortized cost or at FVOCI as at FVTPL, if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mistake that would otherwise arise.

Financial assets: Subsequent measurement and gains and losses Financial assets, at FVTPL:

These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Net gains and losses, including any interest or dividend income are recognized in the statement of profit or loss.

Financial assets at amortised cost:

These assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The amortised cost is reduced by impairment losses. Interest income, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Debt investments at FVTOCI:

These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Interest income under effective interest method, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. Other net gains and losses are recognized in OCI. On derecognition, gains and losses accumulated in OCI are reclassified to the statement of profit and loss.

Equity investments at FVTOCI:

These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Dividends are recognized as income in the statement of profit and loss unless the dividend clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost of the investment. Other net gains and losses are recognized in OCI and are not reclassified to the statement of profit and loss.

Impairment of financial assets

The Company assesses on a forward-looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. Note 34 details how the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.

In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss ("ECL") model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss. The Company follows ''simplified approach'' for recognition of impairment loss allowance on financial assets, trade receivables. The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If in subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the Company reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12 month ECL.

iii) Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognized only when:

• the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from financial asset or

• retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows from financial asset but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of

ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognized. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognized.

Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognized if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognized to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

B. Financial liability

i) Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss or amortised cost. All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

ii) Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind AS 109. Separate embedded derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognized in OCI. These gains/ losses are not subsequently transferred to statement of profit and loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognized in the statement of profit or loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit or loss.

Amortised cost

After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the Effective Interest Rate ("EIR") method. Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial guarantee contracts

Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified party fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognized initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 and the amount recognized less cumulative amortization.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit or loss.

Offsetting

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

(j) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalent includes cash in hand, demand deposit with bank and other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, and bank overdrafts.

(k) Cash dividend to equity holders of the Company

The Company recognises a liability to make cash distributions to equity holders of the Company when the distribution is authorised, and the distribution is no longer at the discretion of the Company. Final dividends on shares are recorded as a liability on the date of approval by the shareholders and interim dividends are recorded as a liability on the date of declaration by the Company''s Board of Directors.

(l) Foreign Currency transactions and translations

Foreign currency are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into relevant functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognized in statement of profit and loss.

Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in foreign currency and measured at fair value are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of transaction. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss and are generally recognized in statement of profit and loss, except exchange differences arising from the translation of the following items which are recognized in OCI:

• equity investments at fair value through OCI (FVOCI)

• a financial liability designated as a hedge of the net investment in a foreign operation to the extent that the hedge is effective; and

• qualifying cash flow hedges to the extent that the hedges are effective.

(m) Employee benefits

(i) Defined contribution plan

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays specified contributions to a separate entity and has no obligation to pay any further amounts. The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards employee Provident Fund to Government administered Provident Fund Scheme which is a defined contribution plan. The Company''s contribution is recognized as an expense in the statement of profit and loss during the period in which the employee renders the related service.

(ii) Defined benefit plans

The Company''s gratuity plan is a defined benefit plan. The present value of gratuity obligation under such defined benefit plans is determined based on actuarial valuations carried out by an independent actuary using the Projected Unit Credit Method, which recognizes each period of service as giving rise to additional unit of employee benefit

entitlement and measure each unit separately to build up the final obligation. The obligation is measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows. The discount rates used for determining the present value of obligation under defined benefit plans, is based on the market yields on Government securities as at the balance sheet date, having maturity periods approximating to the terms of related obligations.

Actuarial gains or losses are recognized in other comprehensive income. Further, the statement of profit and loss does not include an expected return on plan assets. Instead net interest recognized in profit or loss is calculated by applying the discount rate used to measure the defined benefit obligation to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The actual return on plan assets above or below the discount rate is recognized as part of remeasurement of net defined liability or asset through other comprehensive income.

Remeasurements comprising actuarial gains or losses and return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability) are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

The Company''s gratuity scheme is administered through a third party trust and the provision for the same is determined on the basis of actuarial valuation carried out by an independent actuary. Provision is made for the shortfall, if any, between the amounts required to be contributed to meet the accrued liability for gratuity as determined by actuarial valuation and the available corpus of the funds.

(iii) Short-term employee benefits

All employee benefits falling due wholly within twelve months of rendering the services are classified as short term employee benefits, which include benefits like salaries, wages and performance incentives and are recognised as expenses in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

Short term employee benefits are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the

related service is provided. A liability is recognized for the amount expected to be paid e.g. short term performance incentive, if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past services provided by the employee and the amount of obligation can be estimated reliably.

When the benefits of a plan are changed or when a plan is curtailed, the resulting change in benefit that relates to past service (''past service cost'' or ''past service gain'') or the gain or loss on curtailment is recognized immediately in the statement of profit and loss. The Company recognizes gains and losses on the settlement of a defined benefit plan when the settlement occurs.

(iv) Compensated absences:

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised at an actuarially determined liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance sheet date. In respect of compensated absences expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services, liability for short-term employee benefits is measured at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the related service.

(v) Share-based payment transactions

The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the date when the grant is made using an appropriate valuation model and Company''s estimate of equity instruments that will vest. That cost is recognized, together with a corresponding increase in share-options outstanding account in equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled in employee benefits expense.

(n) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs are interest and other costs (including exchange differences relating to foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs) incurred in connection with the borrowing of funds. Borrowing costs allocated to and utilized for qualifying assets pertaining to the period from commencement of activities directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of upto the date of capitalisation of such asset are added to the cost of the assets. Qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing costs.. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur.

(o) Leases

The Company assesses at contract inception whether a contract is, or contains, a lease, that is if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

Company as a lessee

The Company accounts for each lease component within the contract as a lease separately from nonlease components of the contract and allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component on the basis of the relative stand-alone price of the lease component and the aggregate stand-alone price of the non-lease components.

The Company recognises a right-of-use (ROU) asset representing its right to use the underlying assets for the lease term and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.

The right-of-use assets is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property, plant and equipment. Right-of-use assets are tested for impairment whenever there is any indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Impairment loss, if any, is recognised in the statement of profit and loss..

When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying

amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.

The Company applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to all assets that have a lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date. The lease payments associated with these leases are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Further, leases for which the underlying asset is of low value has been recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(p) Taxation

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred income tax. Income tax expense is recognized in net profit in the statement of profit and loss except to the extent it relates to items recognized directly in equity, in which case it is recognized in other comprehensive income.

Current income tax for current and prior periods is recognized at the amount expected to be paid or recovered from the tax authorities, using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for all temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the standalone financial statements except for the cases mentioned below.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of changes in tax rates on deferred income tax assets and liabilities is recognized as income or expense in the period that includes the enactment or substantive enactment date.

Deferred tax is not recognized for temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of assets and liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profits or loss at the time of the transaction, and temporary investment related to investment in subsidiaries, associates and joint agreements to the extent that the Company is able to control the timing of reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used. The Company recognises a deferred tax asset only to the extent that it has sufficient taxable temporary differences or there is convincing other evidence that sufficient taxable profits will be available against which such deferred tax can be realised. Deferred tax assets, unrecognised or recognised, are reviewed at each reporting date and are recognised/reduced to the extent that it is probable/no longer probable respectively that the related tax benefit will be realised.

The Company offsets, the current tax assets and liabilities (on a year on year basis) and deferred tax assets and liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right and where it intends to settle such assets and liabilities on a net basis.

(q) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities

(i) Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, the expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pretax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost. Expected future operating losses are not provided for.

(ii) Onerous contract

Provision for onerous contracts. i.e. contracts where the expected unavoidable cost of meeting the obligations under the contract exceed the economic benefits expected to be received under it, are recognised when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle a present obligation as a result of an obligating event based on a reliable estimate of such obligation.

(iii) Contingent liabilities

A disclosure for contingent liabilities is made where there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may probably not require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible or a present obligation where the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

(r) Earnings per share

The basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the owners of the Company for the year by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during reporting period.

Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. The number of shares used in computing diluted earnings per share comprises the weighted average shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.

Dilutive potential equity shares are deemed converted as of the beginning of the reporting date, unless they have been issued at a later date. In computing diluted earnings per share, only potential equity shares that is dilutive and which either reduces earnings per share or increase loss per share are included.

(s) Segment reporting

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker (CODM). The Company has identified one reportable segment based on the dominant source, nature of risks and return and the internal organisation and management structure and for which discrete financial information is available. The CODM monitors the operating results of the entity as a whole for the purpose of making decisions about resource allocation and performance assessment. Refer Note 41 for segment information and segment reporting.

(t) Cash flow statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before taxes for the period is adjusted

for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

(u) Recent pronouncements

Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. MCA amended the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2022, applicable from 1 April 2023, as below:

IND AS 1 - Presentation of financial statement

The amendment specifies Companies to disclose material accounting policies rather than their significant accounting policies since the accounting policy information, together with other information is material when it can reasonably be expected to influence decisions of primary users of general purpose financial statements.

The Company does not expect the amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

IND AS 8, Accounting policies, Change in accounting estimates and Errors

The amendment has replaced the definition of "change in account estimate " with revised definition of "accounting estimate".

The Company does not expect the amendment of change in definition to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

IND AS 12, Income Taxes

The amendment has narrowed the scope of Initial recognition exemption (IRE) which now does not apply to transactions that give rise to equal and offsetting temporary differences. Accordingly, the Companies will need to recognize a deferred tax asset and a deferred tax liability for temporary differences arising on transactions such as initial recognition of lease and decommissioning provision.