Swojas Foods Ltd. కంపెనీ అకౌంటింగ్ విధానాలు

1. Corporate Information:

Swojas Foods Limited (Formerly known as Swojas Energy Foods Limited) is a Public Company domiciled in India having CIN: L46201GJ1993PLC172447. The registered office of the company is located At Office No. A/1-905, Palladium, Nr. Orchid Wood, Opp.Divyabhaskar, Corporate Road, Makarba, Ahmedabad -380051, Gujarat, India. The Company is engaged in the business of Trading of Agriculture Products and other related materials thereof.

2. Material Accounting Policies:

I Basis of Preparation:

(a) Statement of Compliance:

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, as amended from time to time and other accounting principles generally accepted in India. These financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention with the exception of certain assets and liabilities that are required to be carried at fair values by Ind AS.

The financial statements are presented in INR except when otherwise stated. All amounts have been rounded off to the nearest thousands, unless otherwise indicated. The Company has consistently applied accounting policies to all years. Comparative Financial information has been re-grouped, wherever necessary, to correspond to the figures of the current year.

(b) Significant accounting judgements, accounting estimates and assumptions

The preparation of financial statements requires management to make certain judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the accompanying disclosures. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis.

Key sources of estimation uncertainty:

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial years, are described below. Existing circumstances and assumptions about

future developments may change due to market changes or circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

Material estimates and assumptions are required in particular for:

i) Useful life of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets:

This involves determination of the estimated useful life of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets and the assessment as to which components of the cost may be capitalised. Useful life of these assets is based on the life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 or based on technical estimates, taking into account the nature of the asset, estimated usage, expected residual values, anticipated technological changes, maintenance support and operating conditions of the asset. Management reviews its estimate of the useful lives of depreciable/ amortisable assets at each reporting date, based on the expected utility of the assets.

ii) Impairment of Non-Financial Asset:

Impairment exists when the carrying value of an asset or cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The fair value less costs of disposal calculation is based on available data for similar assets or observable market prices less incremental costs for disposing of the asset. The value in use calculation is based on a discounted future cashflows model. The recoverable amount is sensitive to the discount rate used for the discounted future cashflows model as well as the expected future cash-inflows and the growth rate used.

iii) Taxes:

Company’s tax jurisdiction is India. Significant judgements are involved in estimating budgeted profits for the purpose of paying advance tax, determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid/recovered for uncertain tax positions. Significant management judgement is also required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies, including estimates of temporary differences reversing on account of available benefits from the Income Tax Act, 1961.

iv) Fair value measurement of financial instruments:

In estimating the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, the Company uses market observable data to the extent available. Where such Level 1 inputs are not available, the Company establishes appropriate valuation techniques and inputs to the model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgment is required in establishing fair values. Judgments include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments.

v) Recognition and measurement of Contingent liabilities, provisions and uncertain tax positions:

There are various legal, direct and indirect tax matters and other obligations including local and state levies, availing input tax credits etc., which may impact the Company. Evaluation of uncertain liabilities and contingent liabilities arising out of above matters and recognition and measurement of other provisions are based on the assessment of the probability of an outflow of resources, and on past experience and circumstances known at the balance sheet date. The actual outflow of resources at a future date may therefore vary from the figure included in other provisions.

(c) Current & Non-Current Classification

Any asset or liability is classified as current if it satisfies any of the following conditions:

i) The asset/liability is expected to be realized/ settled in the Company’s normal operating cycle;

ii) The asset is intended for sale or consumption;

iii) The asset/liability is held primarily for the purpose of trading;

iv) The asset/liability is expected to be realized/ settled within twelve months after the reporting period;

v) The asset is cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting date;

vi) In the case of a liability, the Company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting date.

All other assets and liabilities are classified as non-current. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities respectively.

For the purpose of current/non-current classification of assets and liabilities, the Company has ascertained its normal operating cycle as twelve months. This is based on the nature of services and the time between the acquisition of assets or inventories for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents.

II. Summary of Material Accounting Policies:

a. Cash & Cash Equivalents

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposit with banks. Cash equivalents are short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

b. Property, Plant and Equipment Recognition and Measurement

Property, Plant and Equipment, including Capital Work in Progress, are stated at cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Borrowing cost relating to acquisition / construction of Property, Plant and Equipment which takes substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met. If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

The Company has elected to regard previous GAAP carrying values of property, plant and equipment as deemed cost at the date of transition to Ind AS i.e. April 1, 2015.

Subsequent Measurement

Subsequent expenditure related to an item of Property, Plant and Equipment are included in its carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. Subsequent costs are depreciated over the residual life of the respective assets. All other expenses on existing Property, Plant and Equipment, including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period during which such expenses are incurred.

Depreciation

Depreciation is provided using Diminishing Balance Method as specified in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 or based on technical estimates. Depreciation on assets added / disposed off during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition / disposal.

Derecognition

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying amount of the assets and is recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss.

c. Financial Instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity. Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value, except for trade receivables which are measured at transaction price.

The financial assets comprise of trade receivables, cash and cash equivalents, other bank balances and deposits, interest accrued, security deposits, intercorporate deposits, contract assets and other receivables. These assets are measured subsequently at amortised cost.

The financial liabilities comprise of borrowings, lease liabilities, retention and capital creditors, interest accrued, deposit from customers, trade credits & acceptances, trade and other payables.

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset when the Company has a legally enforceable right (not contingent on future events) to off-set the recognised amounts either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognised at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

A) Financial Assets Initial Recognition

All financial assets, except trade receivables, are initially recognised at fair value.

Subsequent Measurement Business Model Assessment

The Company makes an assessment of the objectives of the business model in which a financial asset is held because it best reflects the way business is managed and information is provided to management. The assessment of business model comprises the stated policies and objectives of the financial assets, management strategy for holding the financial assets, the risk that affects the performance etc. Further management also evaluates whether the contractual cash flows are solely payment of principal and interest considering the contractual terms of the instrument.

The subsequent measurement of financial assets depends on their classification, as described below:

1) At amortised cost

A financial asset is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met:

(a) The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and

(b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise, on specified dates, to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the Effective Interest Rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.

The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial assets, or where appropriate, a shorter period, to the gross carrying amount on initial recognition.

2) At Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI)

A financial asset is classified as at the FVTOCI if both of the following criteria are met:

(a) The objective of the business model is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets, and

(b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

Debt instruments included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognised in the Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) and on derecognition, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified to Statement of Profit and Loss. For equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present subsequent changes in the fair value in OCI. If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognised in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to Statement of Profit and Loss, even on sale of investment.

3) At Fair Value through Profit & Loss (FVTPL)

Financial assets which are not measured at amortised cost or FVTOCI and are held for trading are measured at FVTPL. In addition, the Company may elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortised cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL.

However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ‘accounting mismatch’).

Equity investments

All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. The Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognised in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to profit and loss, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the profit and loss.

Derecognition

On derecognition of a financial asset, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss on disposal of that financial asset.

Impairment of financial assets

The Company applies Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the financial assets and credit risk exposure. The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its receivables based on historical trends and past experience. The Company follows ''Simplified Approach’ for recognition of impairment loss allowance on all trade receivables or contractual receivables. ECL is the difference between all contracted cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive, discounted at the original EIR. ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognised during the period is recognised as income / (expense) in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

B) Financial Liabilities

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition as at amortised cost or fair value through profit or loss. The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

1) At amortised cost

This is the category most relevant to the Company. After initial recognition, financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

2) At fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as such. Subsequently, any changes in fair value are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition of Financial Liability

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. An exchange with a lender of debt instruments with substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability.

C) Derivative financial instruments

Initial recognition and subsequent measurement

The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as forward and options currency contracts to hedge its foreign currency risks. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised and subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL). Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative. Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivative financial instrument are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss and reported with foreign exchange gains/ (loss). Changes in fair value and gains/(losses) on settlement of foreign currency derivative financial instruments relating to borrowings, which have not been designated as hedge are recorded as finance cost.

d. Income Taxation:

Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

a) Current tax: Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the applicable tax rates and the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and other applicable tax laws.

b) Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT is recognized as an asset in the

Balance Sheet when it is highly probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company.

c) Deferred tax: Deferred tax is recognized using the balance sheet approach. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the standalone financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences.

Deferred tax assets are generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be utilized.

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realized, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

e) Inventories:

• Inventories are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value.

• Cost of inventories have been computed to include all costs of purchases, cost of conversion, all nonrefundable duties & taxes and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

• The basis of calculating cost for traded goods and stores and spares is weighted average cost method. For certain categories of traded goods it is determined based on weighted average cost of respective commodity lot basis.

• Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated cost of completion and estimated cost necessary to make the sale. Necessary adjustment for shortage / excess stock is given based on the available evidence and past experience of the Company.

f) Provision, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

Provisions: A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a

reliable estimate can be made. The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of time value of money is material).

Contingent liabilities: Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in notes to accounts.

g) Revenue Recognition

Revenue from contract with customer is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products or services to customers on complete satisfaction of performance obligations for an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services.

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for discounts and other incentives, if any, as per contracts with the customers. Revenue also excludes taxes or amounts collected from customers in its capacity as agent. The specific recognition criteria from various stream of revenue is described below:

(i) Sale of Goods

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when the Company transfers control of the goods, generally on delivery, or when the goods have been dispatched to the customer''s specified location as per the terms of contract, provided the company has not retained any significant risk of ownership or future obligation with respect to the goods dispatched. The performance obligation in respect of sale of goods is satisfied at a point in time as per the terms of contract.

(ii) Dividends

Revenue is recognised when the Company’s right to receive the payment is established, which is generally when shareholders approve the dividend.

(iii) Interest Income

Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset''s net carrying amount on initial recognition.

h) Employee Benefits

Employee benefits includes gratuity, compensated absences, contribution to provident fund, employees'' state insurance and superannuation fund.

i) Short Term Employee Benefits

Employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering the services are classified as short term employee benefits and recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related service. These are recognised at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for that service.

ii) Post Employment Benefits

Defined Contribution Plans Retirement benefits in the form of provident fund and superannuation fund are defined contribution schemes. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the provident fund. The Company recognizes contribution payable to these funds as an expense, when an employee renders the related service. If the contribution payable to the scheme for service received before the balance sheet date exceeds the contribution already paid, the deficit payable to the scheme is recognised as a liability after deducting the contribution already paid.

Defined Benefit Plans

The Company operates a defined benefit gratuity plan in India, in which contributions are maintained to a separately administered fund. The cost of providing benefits under the defined benefit plan is determined based on actuarial valuation, carried out by an independent actuary, using the projected unit credit method. The liability for gratuity is funded annually to a gratuity funds maintained with the Life Insurance Corporation of India and SBI Life Insurance Company Limited. Re-measurements gains and losses arising from experience adjustments, changes in actuarial assumptions and the return on plan assets (excluding net interest) are recognize immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Re-measurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods. Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of defined benefit liability or asset.

The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss in the line item "Employee Benefits Expense":

Service cost including current service cost, past service cost, gains and losses on curtailments and nonroutine settlements; and

Net interest expense or income.

iii) Other Employee Benefits

Other employee benefits comprise of compensated absences / leaves. The actuarial valuation is done as per projected unit credit method. Remeasurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

iv) For the purpose of presentation of defined benefit plans and other long term benefits, the classification between current and non-current provisions has been made as determined by an actuary.

i) Earnings per share (EPS):

Basic EPS is computed by dividing the profit or loss attributable to the owners of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing the profit or loss attributable to the owners of the Company (after adjusting for costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares) by the weighted average number of equity shares and dilutive potential equity shares outstanding during the year.

j) Expenditure: Expenses are net of taxes recoverable, where applicable

k) Other Note:

1. As per the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) notification, proviso to Rule 3(1) of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, for the financial year commencing April 1, 2023, every company which uses accounting software for maintaining its books of account, shall use only such accounting software which has a feature of recording audit trail of each and every transaction, creating an edit log of each change made in the books of account along with the date when such changes were made and ensuring that the audit trail cannot be disabled. The interpretation and guidance on what level edit log and audit trail needs to be maintained evolved during the year and continues to evolve.

In the company, the accounting software has a feature of audit trail and it is enable at an application level for maintenance of books of accounts and relevant transactions. However, it was observed that the Company has not created separate user IDs for individual users and is currently operating the accounting software through a single user account. Further, the global standard ERP used by the Company has not been enabled with the feature of audit trail log at the database layer to log direct transactional changes, due to present design of ERP. This is being taken up with the vendor. In the meanwhile, the Company continues to ensure that direct write access to the database is granted only via an approved change management process.

2. Compliance with SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 2015

The Company has adopted a Code of Conduct and established internal controls in accordance with the SEBI

(Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 2015, as amended from time to time, to regulate, monitor and report

trading activities of Designated Persons and their Immediate Relatives.

The Company has implemented adequate procedures for identification, handling, communication and protection of Unpublished Price Sensitive Information (UPSI). Access to UPSI is restricted on a need-to-know basis to ensure its confidentiality and integrity.

The Company also maintains a Structured Digital Database and other necessary records as prescribed under the applicable regulations and has put in place appropriate mechanisms to prevent insider trading and unauthorized disclosure of UPSI. The Company has complied with the applicable provisions of the SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 2015 during the year.

III Amended standard adopted by the Company

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. During the year ended March 31, 2026, MCA has notified the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2025 applicable to the company w.e.f. April 1, 2025.

(i) Amendments to Ind AS 1 - Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-Current and Non Current Liabilities with Covenants:

In August 2025, the MCA notified amendments to Ind AS 1 to specify the requirements for classifying liabilities as current or non-current.

The amendments clarify:

• What is meant by a right to defer settlement

• That a right to defer must exist at the end of the reporting period

• That classification is unaffected by the likelihood that an entity will exercise its deferral right

• That only if an embedded derivative in a convertible liability is itself an equity instrument would the terms of a liability not impact its classification.

In addition, a requirement has been introduced to require disclosure when a liability arising from a loan agreement is classified as non-current and the entity’s right to defer settlement is contingent on compliance with future covenants within twelve months. If there is a breach of a material covenant of a long term loan arrangement on or before the end of the reporting period, resulting in the liability becoming payable on demand as at the reporting date, and the lender agrees—after the reporting period but before the financial statements are approved for issue— not to demand repayment for at least 12 months as a consequence of the breach, this shall be treated as an adjusting event. Accordingly, the entity is not required to classify the

liability as current. The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after April 1, 2025 retrospectively in accordance with Ind AS 8.

The amendments do not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

(ii) Amendments to Ind AS 7 and Ind AS 107 - Supplier Finance Arrangements:

In August 2025, the MCA notified amendments to Ind AS 7 Statement of Cash Flows and Ind AS 107 Financial Instruments: Disclosures to clarify the characteristics of supplier finance arrangements and require additional disclosure of such arrangements. The disclosure requirements in the amendments are intended to assist users of financial statements in understanding the effects of supplier finance arrangements on an entity’s liabilities, cash flows and exposure to liquidity risk.

1. Company Overview

Swojas Foods Limited (Formerly Known as Swojas Energy Foods Limited) is a public company domiciled in India and incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The company is listed on BSE. The company is engaged in trading of agricultural and allied products.

2. Significant Accounting Policies:A. Basis of Preparationa. Compliance with Ind AS

The financial statement complies in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ("the Act") [Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015] and other relevant provision of the Act.

The financial statement up to year ended 31st March 2025 were prepared in accordance with the Indian accounting standard notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and other relevant provisions of the Act. These financial statements have been prepared on a Going Concern basis.

b. Historical cost convention

The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for certain classes of financial assets/ liabilities, share-based payments and net liability for defined benefit plans that are measured at fair value. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual and going concern basis. The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the financial statements.

B. Segment reporting

The company is engaged in trading of agricultural and allied products. The company earned Rs. 7,17,741 thousand in revenue from trading of agricultural and allied products.

C. Foreign currency translationi) Functional and presentation currency

Items included in the financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the functional currency’). The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is the Company’s functional and presentation currency.

ii) Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognized in profit or loss.

Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss.

D. Revenue Recognition

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable.

a) Revenue from sale of goods is usually recognized when the following conditions are satisfied.

i. the Company has transferred the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods to the buyer, which generally coincides when the goods are dispatched in accordance with the terms of sale.

ii. The Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold.

iii. the amount of revenue can be measured reliably.

iv. it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company.

v. the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

b) Revenue from Construction Contracts is recognized based on the stage of completion determined with reference to the costs incurred on contracts and the estimated total costs. When it is estimated that the total contract cost will exceed total contract revenue, the expected loss is recognized as an expense immediately. Total contract cost is determined based on the technical and other assessment of cost to be incurred. There were no revenues from construction during the year under review.

c) Service income is recognized when the related services are provided, however, there is no service income during the year under review.

E. Other Income

1. Dividend income from investments is recognized when the shareholder’s right to receive payment has been established.

2. Insurance and other claims are accounted as and when unconditionally admitted by the appropriate authorities.

F. Income tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date in the countries where the Company operates and generates taxable income.

Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized in outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Current tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences.

Deferred tax assets including Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) are generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax assets to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

G. Cash and cash equivalents

For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash, and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

H. Inventories

Raw materials and stores, work-in-progress, traded and finished goods are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value.

Cost of raw materials and traded goods comprise of the cost of purchase.

Cost of work-in-progress and manufactured finished goods comprises direct materials, direct labour and an appropriate proportion of variable and fixed overhead expenditure, the later being allocated on the basis of normal operating capacity.

Cost of inventories also includes all other cost incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Costs are assigned to individual items of inventory on weighted average basis. Costs of purchased inventory are determined after deducting rebates and discounts.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

(i) Financial assets:Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition, as financial assets measured at fair value or as financial assets measured at amortized cost. All financial assets not recorded at fair value though profit or loss are recognized initially at fair value plus transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.

Subsequent measurement

For Purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in two broad categories:

• Financial assets at fair value

• Financial assets at amortized cost

Where assets are measured at fair value, gains and losses are either recognized in the statement of profit and loss (i.e. fair value through profit or loss), or recognized in other comprehensive income (i.e. fair value though other comprehensive income).

A financial asset that meets the following two conditions is measured at amortized cost (net of any write down for impairment) unless the asset is designated at fair value through profit or loss under the fair value option.

• Business model test: The objective of the company’s business model is to hold the financial asset to collect the contractual cash flows (rather than to sell the instrument prior to its contractual maturity to realize its fair value changes).

• Cash flow characteristics test: The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

A financial asset that meets the following two conditions is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income unless the asset is designated at fair value through profit or loss under the fair value option.

• Business model test: The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flow and selling financial assets.

• Cash flow characteristics test: The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Even if an instrument meets the two requirements to be measured at amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income, a financial asset is measured at fair value through profit or loss as doing so eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency (sometimes referred to as an ‘accounting mismatch’) that would otherwise arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognizing the gains and losses on them on different bases.

All other financial asset is measured at fair value through profit or loss.

All equity investments are measured at fair value in the balance sheet, with value changes recognized in the statement of profit and loss, except for those equity investments for which the entity has elected to present value changes in ‘other comprehensive income’

If an equity investment is not held for trading, an irrevocable election is made at initial recognition to measure it at fair value through other comprehensive income with only dividend income recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognized (i.e. removed from the company’s statement of financial position) when:

• The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

• The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ‘passthrough’ arrangement and either;

(a) The company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or

(b) The company has either transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset

When the company has transferred its rights to received cash flow from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset nor transferred control of the asset, the company continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of the company’s continuing involvement. In that case, the company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.

Impairment

The Company applies the expected credit loss model for recognizing impairment loss on financial assets measured at amortised cost, debt instruments at FVTOCI, lease receivables, trade receivables, other contractual rights to receive cash or other financial assets, and financial guarantees not designated as at FVTPL.

Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition. Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as at FVTPL. Interest income is recognized in profit or loss and is included in the ‘Other income’ line item.

Classification as debt or equity Debt and equity

Debt and equity instruments issued by a company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Equity Instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognised at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

Financial LiabilitiesInitial recognition and measurement

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

The Company’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables and loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts.

Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied.

Loans and borrowings

After initial recognition, interest bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or cost that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

The Company enters into deferred payment arrangements (acceptances) whereby lenders such as banks and other financial institutions make payments to supplier’s banks for purchase of raw materials/services. The banks and financial institutions are subsequently repaid by the Company at a

later date. These are normally settled up to 3 months. These arrangements for raw materials are recognized as Deferred Payment Liabilities under Borrowings.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Reclassification of Financial Instrument

The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent.

The Company’s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company’s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model.

J. Offsetting financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right

must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.

K. Trade and other payables

These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. The amounts are unsecured are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognized initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

L. Provisions

Provisions for legal claims and returns are recognised when the company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses.

Provisions are measured at the present value of management’s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provisions due to the passage of time is recognized as interest expense.

M. Earnings per sharei. Basic earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing:

• The profit attributable to owners of the company

• By the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus elements in equity shares issued during the year and excluding treasury shares.

ii. Diluted earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share adjust the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account:

• The after-income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares, and

• The weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.

I. NOTES TO ACCOUNTS:

1. In the opinion of Directors, the Current Assets, Loans & Advances and Investments have a value on realization in the ordinary course of business, which is at least equal to the amount at which they are stated in the Balance Sheet.

2. Contingent Liabilities:

There are no contingent liabilities.

3. Pending Legal Proceedings1. Legal Proceedings against BSE Limited and Others

Despite knowing that Swojas had been under liquidation for almost 15 years from 2000 till 2015, BSE had frozen demat accounts of New Promoters of Swojas on 13/12/2019 towards outstanding ALF dues by issuing a circular on its own though there is no such provision under SEBI Regulations and further, SEBI has never issued any circular to allow BSE for ALF recovery by freezing demat accounts. In response to Swojas’ request to provide ALF invoices from FY 2015-16, BSE provided an invoice to seek compensation on 26/12/2019. There have been multiple inconsistencies under tax, corporate and securities laws on the part of BSE and moreover, on checking with SEBI, Promoters came to know that SEBI had never permitted stock exchanges to seek compensation for unpaid listing fees from listed companies. Further, SEBI also confirmed that it did not empower stock exchanges to freeze demat accounts of promoters for non-payment of ALF.

In view of different communication from SEBI, it was apparent that BSE had exceeded its powers by seeking compensation and even freezing accounts, but BSE still refused to take corrective action and hence, Swojas filed a writ petition with Hon’ble Bombay High Court to primarily challenge authority of BSE to issue circulars on its own for freezing accounts of promoters and other issues including pending application of revocation. In the interim period, SEBI understood the non-compliances by BSE and hence, issued a letter containing Standard Operating Process to be followed for freezing accounts besides directing BSE to unfreeze all accounts of all promoter group entities immediately. Hon’ble Bombay High Court took a note of SEBI’s SOPs and asked BSE to unfreeze all accounts immediately, however, given other pending issues, Promoters offered to keep deposit of securities worth Rs 14.16 Lakhs. Hon’ble High Court kept all contentions open and passed an order to ask SEBI to examine various issues and pass a Speaking Order within 8 weeks. BSE challenged it with the Hon’ble Supreme Court, but they refused to interfere in the aforesaid order. Thereafter, Swojas had made a payment of Rs 14.16 Lakhs under protest to BSE.

Swojas had submitted a representation to SEBI on 23rd March 2021 on which SEBI issued a letter dated 24th June 2021. Though some of the points were considered by SEBI as an input for inspection, they did not address major issues related to power of issuing circulars by BSE on its own for suo-moto freezing accounts even when there were no such legal provisions in 2019. Further, revocation of suspension had been delayed and no action had been taken by BSE on the application submitted by Swojas more than 5 years ago despite all the compliances. The Company has filed a writ petition against BSE in August 2021 but no hearing took place on the same.

4. Balance under the head ‘Trade Receivables’, ‘Trade Payables’, Loan and Advances Receivable and Payable’ are shown as per books of accounts subject to confirmation by concerned parties and adjustment if any, on reconciliation thereof. Confirmation letters have been issued to parties for confirmation of balances with the request to confirm or send / comments by the stipulated date failing which the balances as appearing in the letter would be taken as confirmed. Confirmation letters have been received in very few cases; however, no adverse communication has been received from the parties.

5. Segment reporting

The Company is engaged in trading of agricultural and allied products. There have been no other

reportable segments identified by the Chief Operating Decision Maker and hence no segment reporting is

presented under IND AS 108.

2. Significant Accounting Policies:

A. Basis of Preparation

a. Compliance with Ind AS

The financial statement comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ("the Act") [Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015] and other relevant provision of the Act.

The financial statement up to year ended 31st March, 2024 were prepared in accordance with the accounting standard notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and other relevant provisions of the Act.

b. Historical cost convention

The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis.

B. Segment reporting

The Company used to originally sell milk and dairy products, however, its operations stopped completely after the commencement of winding up proceedings after 31st August 2000. Existing Promoters took over the Company in 2014 and got it out of liquidation in 2015, however, there had been complete prohibition on further fund raising during the course of suspension due to General Order No. 1 dated 20-7-2015, issued by Hon''ble Chairman of SEBI. The company earned Rs. 2,132 thousand in revenue from selling vegetables during the year. Also, in order to optimize available resources, the company had provided Short Term Loans and Advances to selective parties as a secondary activity.

C. Foreign currency translation

i) Functional and presentation currency

Items included in the financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (''the functional currency''). The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is the Company''s functional and presentation currency.

ii) Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognized in profit or loss.

Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss.

D. Revenue Recognition

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable.

a) Revenue from sale of goods is usually recognized when the following conditions are satisfied.

i. the Company has transferred the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods to the buyer which generally coincides when the goods are dispatched in accordance with the terms of sale;

ii. the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;

iii. the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

iv. it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company;

v. the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

b) Revenue from Construction Contracts is recognized based on the stage of completion determined with reference to the costs incurred on contracts and the estimated total costs. When it is estimated that the total contract cost will exceed total contract revenue, expected loss is recognized as an expense immediately. Total contract cost is determined based on the technical and other assessment of cost to be incurred. There were no revenues from construction during the year under review.

c) Service income is recognized, when the related services are provided, however, there is no service income during the year under review.

E. Other Income

1. Dividend income from investments is recognized when the shareholder''s right to receive payment has been established.

2. Insurance and other claims are accounted as and when unconditionally admitted by the appropriate authorities.

F. Income tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date in the countries where the Company operates and generates taxable income.

Current income tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised in outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Current tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences.

Deferred tax assets including Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) are generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

G. Cash and cash equivalents

For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

H. Inventories

Raw materials and stores, work-in-progress, traded and finished goods are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value.

Cost of raw materials and traded goods comprise of cost of purchase.

Cost of work-in-progress and manufactured finished goods comprises direct materials, direct labour and an appropriate proportion of variable and fixed overhead expenditure, the later being allocated on the basis of normal operating capacity.

Cost of inventories also includes all other cost incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Costs are assigned to individual items of inventory on weighted average basis. Costs of purchased inventory are determined after deducting rebates and discounts.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

I. Financial Instruments:

(i) Financial assets:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition, as financial assets measured at fair value or as financial assets measured at amortised cost. All financial assets not recorded at fair value though profit or loss are recognized initially at fair value plus transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.

Subsequent measurement

For Purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in two broad categories:

• Financial assets at fair value

• Financial assets at amortised cost

Where assets are measured at fair value, gains and losses are either recognized in the statement of profit and loss (i.e. fair value through profit or loss), or recognized in other comprehensive income (i.e. fair value though other comprehensive income).

A financial asset that meets the following two conditions is measured at amortised cost (net of any write down for impairment) unless the asset is designated at fair value through profit or loss under the fair value option.

• Business model test: The objective of the company''s business model is to hold the financial asset to collect the contractual cash flows (rather than to sell the instrument prior to its contractual maturity to realise its fair value changes).

• Cash flow characteristics test: The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

A financial asset that meets the following two conditions is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income unless the asset is designated at fair value through profit or loss under the fair value option.

• Business model test: The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flow and selling financial assets.

• Cash flow characteristics test: The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Even if an instrument meets the two requirements to be measured at amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income, a financial asset is measured at fair value through profit or loss as doing so eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency (sometimes referred to as an ''accounting mismatch'') that would otherwise arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognizing the gains and losses on them on different bases.

All other financial asset is measured at fair value through profit or loss.

All equity investments are measured at fair value in the balance sheet, with value changes recognized in the statement of profit and loss, except for those equity investments for which the entity has elected to present value changes in ''other comprehensive income''

If an equity investment is not held for trading, an irrevocable election is made at initial recognition to measure it at fair value through other comprehensive income with only dividend income recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognized (i.e. removed from the company''s statement of financial position) when:

• The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

• The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ''pass through'' arrangement and either;

(a) The company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or

(b) The company has either transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset

When the company has transferred its rights to received cash flow from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset nor transferred control of the asset, the company continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of the company''s continuing involvement. In that case, the company also recognizes an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.

Impairment

The Company applies the expected credit loss model for recognizing impairment loss on financial assets measured at amortised cost, debt instruments at FVTOCI, lease receivables, trade receivables, other contractual rights to receive cash or other financial assets, and financial guarantees not designated as at FVTPL.

Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition. Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as at FVTPL. Interest income is recognized in profit or loss and is included in the ''Other income'' line item.

(ii) Financial liabilities and equity instruments:

Classification as debt or equity Debt and equity

Debt and equity instruments instruments issued by a company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Equity Instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognised at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

Financial Liabilities

Initial recognition and measurement

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

The Company''s financial liabilities include trade and other payables and loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts.

Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied.

Loans and borrowings

After initial recognition, interest bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortisation process.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or cost that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

The Company enters into deferred payment arrangements (acceptances) whereby lenders such as banks and other financial institutions make payments to supplier''s banks for purchase of raw materials/services. The banks and financial institutions are subsequently repaid by the Company at a later date. These are normally settled up to 3 months. These arrangements for raw materials are recognized as Deferred Payment Liabilities under Borrowings.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Reclassification of Financial Instrument

The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent.

The Company''s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company''s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model.

J. Offsetting financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.

K. Trade and other payables

These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. The amounts are unsecured are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognized initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

1. Significant Accounting Policies:

A. Basis of Preparation

a. Compliance with Ind AS

The financial statement comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ("the Act") [Companies (Indian Accounting Standards ) Rules , 2015] and other relevant provision of the Act.

The financial statement up to year ended 31 March 2017 were prepared in accordance with the accounting standard notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and other relevant provisions of the Act.

These financial statements are the first financial statements of the Company under Ind AS, refer Note 18 of Notes to Accounts for an explanation of how the transition from previous GAPP to Ind AS has affected the company''s financial position, financial performance and cash flow.

b. Historical cost convention

The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis.

B. Segment reporting

The Company used to originally sell milk and dairy products, however, its operations stopped completely after the commencement of winding up proceedings after 31st August 2000. The main object of the company is to carry out agriculture business, however no revenue has been generated from such activities during the year 2017-18. The company is also engaged in lending Short term Loans and Advances as a secondary activity.

C. Foreign currency translation

i) Functional and presentation currency

Items included in the financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (''the functional currency''). The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is the Company''s functional and presentation currency.

ii) Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognised in profit or loss.

Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss.

D. Revenue Recognition

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable.

a) Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when the following conditions are satisfied.

i. the Company has transferred the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods to the buyer which generally coincides when the goods are dispatched in accordance with the terms of sale;

ii. the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;

iii. the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

iv. it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company;

v. the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

b) Revenue from Construction Contracts is recognised based on the stage of completion determined with reference to the costs incurred on contracts and the estimated total costs. When it is estimated that the total contract cost will exceed total contract revenue, expected loss is recognised as an expense immediately. Total contract cost is determined based on the technical and other assessment of cost to be incurred.

c) Service income is recognised, net of service tax (up to the applicable date)/Goods and Services Tax (GST), when the related services are provided.

E. Other Income

1. Dividend income from investments is recognised when the shareholder''s right to receive payment has been established.

2. Interest income is recognised on the time proportion basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and the effective interest rate applicable.

3. Insurance and other claims are accounted as and when unconditionally admitted by the appropriate authorities.

F. Income tax Income tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date in the countries where the Company operates and generates taxable income.

Current income tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised in outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Current tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences.

Deferred tax assets including Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

G. Cash and cash equivalents

For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

H. Inventories

Raw materials and stores, work-in-progress, traded and finished goods are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value.

Cost of raw materials and traded goods comprise of cost of purchase.

Cost of work-in-progress and manufactured finished goods comprises direct materials, direct labour and an appropriate proportion of variable and fixed overhead expenditure, the later being allocated on the basis of normal operating capacity.

Cost of inventories also includes all other cost incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Costs are assigned to individual items of inventory on weighted average basis. Costs of purchased inventory are determined after deducting rebates and discounts.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

I. Financial Instruments:

(i) Financial assets:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition, as financial assets measured at fair value or as financial assets measured at amortised cost. All financial assets not recorded at fair value though profit or loss are recognized initially at fair value plus transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.

Subsequent measurement

For Purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in two broad categories:

- Financial assets at fair value

- Financial assets at amortised cost

Where assets are measured at fair value, gains and losses are either recognized in the statement of profit and loss (i.e. fair value through profit or loss), or recognized in other comprehensive income (i.e. fair value though other comprehensive income).

A financial asset that meets the following two conditions is measured at amortised cost (net of any write down for impairment) unless the asset is designated at fair value through profit or loss under the fair value option.

- Business model test: The objective of the company''s business model is to hold the financial asset to collect the contractual cash flows (rather than to sell the instrument prior to its contractual maturity to realise its fair value changes).

- Cash flow characteristics test: The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

A financial asset that meets the following two conditions is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income unless the asset is designated at fair value through profit or loss under the fair value option.

- Business model test: The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flow and selling financial assets.

- Cash flow characteristics test: The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Even if an instrument meets the two requirements to be measured at amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income, a financial asset is measured at fair value through profit or loss as doing so eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency (sometimes referred to as an ''accounting mismatch'') that would otherwise arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognizing the gains and losses on them on different bases.

All other financial asset is measured at fair value through profit or loss.

All equity investments are measured at fair value in the balance sheet, with value changes recognized in the statement of profit and loss, except for those equity investments for which the entity has elected to present value changes in ''other comprehensive income''

If an equity investment is not held for trading, an irrevocable election is made at initial recognition to measure it at fair value through other comprehensive income with only dividend income recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognized (i.e. removed from the company''s statement of financial position) when:

- The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

- The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ''pass-through'' arrangement and either;

(a) The company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or

(b) The company has either transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

When the company has transferred its rights to received cash flow from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the company continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of the company''s continuing involvement. In that case, the company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.

Impairment

The Company applies the expected credit loss model for recognising impairment loss on financial assets measured at amortised cost, debt instruments at FVTOCI, lease receivables, trade receivables, other contractual rights to receive cash or other financial asset, and financial guarantees not designated as at FVTPL.

Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition. Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as at FVTPL. Interest income is recognized in profit or loss and is included in the ''Other income'' line item.

(ii) Financial liabilities and equity instruments: Classification as debt or equity

Debt and equity instruments issued by a company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Equity Instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognised at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

Financial Liabilities

Initial recognition and measurement

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

The Company''s financial liabilities include trade and other payables and loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts.

Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied.

Loans and borrowings

After initial recognition, interest bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or cost that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

The Company enters into deferred payment arrangements (acceptances) whereby lenders such as banks and other financial institutions make payments to supplier''s banks for purchase of raw materials/ services. The banks and financial institutions are subsequently repaid by the Company at a later date. These are normally settled up to 3 months. These arrangements for raw materials are recognized as Deferred Payment Liabilities under Borrowings.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Reclassification of Financial Instruments

The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent.

The Company''s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company''s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model.

J. Offsetting financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.

K. Trade and other payables

These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. The amounts are unsecured are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognized initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

L. Provisions

Provisions for legal claims and returns are recognised when the company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses.

Provisions are measured at the present value of management''s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provisions due to the passage of time is recognized as interest expense.

M. Earnings per share

i. Basic earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing:

- The profit attributable to owners of the company

- By the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus elements in equity shares issued during the year and excluding treasury shares.

ii. Diluted earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share adjust the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account:

- The after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares, and

- The weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.

N. Standards issued but not yet effective

The standards issued, but not yet effective up to the date of issuance of the Company''s financial statements are disclosed below.

Ind AS 115, Revenue from Contract with Customers:

On March 28, 2018, Ministry of Corporate Affairs has notified the Ind AS 115, Revenue from Contract with Customers. The core principle of the new standard is that revenue should be recognised when a customer obtains control of a promised good or service and thus has the ability to direct the use and obtain the benefits from the good or service in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. Further, the new standard requires enhanced disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entity''s contracts with customers.

The Company will adopt the standard on April 1, 2018 and the effect on adoption of Ind AS 115 is expected to be insignificant.

Ind AS 21, Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration:

On March28, 2018, MCA has notified the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2018 containing Ind AS 21, Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration which clarifies the date of the transaction for the purpose of determining the exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income, when an entity has received or paid advance consideration in a foreign currency. This amendment will come into force from April 1, 2018.

The Company has evaluated the effect of this on the financial statements and the impact is not material.